What is the reason for the error message "[28P01] FATAL: password authentication failed for user 'postgres'" while attempting to connect to a postgres database in a docker container?

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The error message indicates that the username and/or password provided to authenticate with the postgres database within the docker container were incorrect. This can happen if the username or password were typed incorrectly, if the user does not have permission to access the database, or if the postgres service is not running in the container.