How can the values in R be altered?

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There are several ways to alter values in R, including:

1. Assignment: Use the assignment operator (<- or =) to assign new values to variables or objects. For example, x <- 10 will assign the value 10 to the variable x.

2. Math operations: Use mathematical operations (+, -, *, /, ^) to update or modify the existing values of variables or objects. For example, x <- x + 5 will add 5 to the current value of x.

3. Functions: Use built-in functions in R to modify values. For example, the abs() function can be used to convert negative values to positive values.

4. Indexing: Use indexing to select specific values or subsets of values from variables or objects, and then assign new values to the selected elements. For example, x[2] <- 20 will assign the value 20 to the second element of x.

5. Conditional statements: Use conditional statements (if-else) to modify values based on certain conditions. For example, if(x > 0) { x <- x * 2 } will double the value of x if it is greater than 0.