Can the expiration of JWT (JSON Web Token) be extended automatically?

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No, the expiration of a JWT cannot be extended automatically. Once a JWT has expired, it is no longer valid and a new token must be issued.

However, the server can issue a new token with a new expiration time before the current token expires. This can be achieved by implementing a refresh token mechanism in the authentication flow, where the user's initial authentication request returns both an access token and a refresh token. The access token has a short expiration time, while the refresh token has a longer expiration time. When the access token expires, the refresh token can be used to obtain a new access token with a new expiration time.

Alternatively, the server can also issue long-lived access tokens that do not expire for a long time. However, this approach can pose security risks if the access token is compromised.