What causes a stack overflow error when sorting an array that contains equal integer values?

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When sorting an array that contains equal integer values, it is possible to get a stack overflow error if the sorting algorithm being used involves recursion and does not have a proper base case to stop the recursion. In other words, if the algorithm keeps recursively calling itself without actually sorting anything, it can cause the stack to overflow and lead to an error. This can happen because the algorithm may try to split the array into smaller sub-arrays endlessly until it runs out of memory, without actually doing any useful sorting. To avoid this, a proper base case should be set up to stop the recursive calls when the array is small enough that it can be sorted using a non-recursive algorithm, or when the values in the array have already been sorted.