Which integer hash functions that can take an integer hash key are considered to be effective?

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There are several integer hash functions that are considered effective for hashing integer keys, including the following:

1. Multiplicative hash function - this is a simple hash function that multiplies the key by a constant factor and takes the modulo of the result.

2. Folding hash function - this hash function breaks the key into smaller parts, adds them together, and takes the modulo of the result.

3. Bit Rotation hash function - this hash function rotates the bits of the key by a certain number of positions and takes the modulo of the result.

4. XOR hash function - this hash function applies an XOR operation to the key and a random constant and takes the modulo of the result.

5. Universal Hashing - This algorithm exploits the idea of taking a hash function from a family of hash functions, such that while we randomly pick a hash function from this family, each pair of distinct keys have an equal probability of collision.

It's important to note that the effectiveness of a hash function depends on the particular application and the characteristics of the keys being hashed. No single hash function is universally effective for all situations.