What modifications can be made to this condition in order to substitute infinite and NaN values?

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To substitute infinite and NaN values, the condition can be modified as follows:

import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 3, 0, 5, np.nan, np.inf, -np.inf])

# substitute NaN with 0
arr[np.isnan(arr)] = 0

# substitute infinite values with large finite value (e.g. 10^9)
arr[np.isinf(arr)] = 10**9

print(arr)

Output:

[1.e+00 3.e+00 0.e+00 5.e+00 0.e+00 1.e+09 1.e+09]

This code substitutes NaN values with 0 and infinite values with a large finite value (e.g. 10^9).