How can a list in a data frame be renamed based on a dictionary in Python?

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You can use the rename() function in pandas to rename columns in a data frame based on a dictionary. Here's an example:

import pandas as pd

# Create a sample data frame with columns to be renamed
df = pd.DataFrame({'old_col_1': [1, 2, 3],
                   'old_col_2': [4, 5, 6]})

# Define a dictionary to map old column names to new names
col_dict = {'old_col_1': 'new_col_1',
            'old_col_2': 'new_col_2'}

# Use the rename function to apply the dictionary mapping to column names
df = df.rename(columns=col_dict)

# Print the resulting data frame with renamed columns
print(df)

This code will output:

   new_col_1  new_col_2
0          1          4
1          2          5
2          3          6

As you can see, the columns have been renamed based on the dictionary mapping.