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The process for establishing a temporary directory when conducting Scala unit tests involves the following steps:

1. Import the necessary classes: In order to work with temporary directories in Scala, you need to import the relevant classes. These include the java.io.File and org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils classes.

2. Create a temporary directory: Use the java.io.File.createTempFile() method to create a temporary file with a unique name. This file will serve as the parent directory for your test files.

3. Delete the temporary file: Since you only need the parent directory for your test files, and not the file itself, you can delete the temporary file using the java.io.File.delete() method.

4. Create your test files: Now that you have a temporary directory to work with, you can create your test files using the standard Scala file I/O operations.

5. Clean up: Once your unit tests have finished running, be sure to clean up your temporary directory by deleting all of its contents using the org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.deleteQuietly() method.

By following these steps, you can effectively establish and work with temporary directories when conducting Scala unit tests.