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There are a few approaches to handle special characters in the readdir function of nodejs file system module:

1. Use the fs.readdirSync() function instead of fs.readdir() function as it returns an array of file names without any additional processing or modifications.

2. Escape special characters using regular expressions before passing them to the readdir function. This can be done using the RegExp.escape() method or manually escaping them with a backslash ().

3. Use the glob package, which provides a more advanced file matching system that can handle special characters and patterns. Glob supports a wide range of special characters and options to match specific files and directories.

4. Use the path module's normalize() function to normalize the path and remove any special characters or redundant separators. This function can be used to convert the file name to a standardized format before passing it to the readdir function.