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One method to determine the operating system version during runtime, regardless of whether it is Windows or Linux, without resorting to a conditional compilation statement is to use platform-specific API calls or library functions to retrieve the version information.
In Windows, this can be achieved by calling the GetVersionEx function from the Windows API, which fills a version information structure with data about the current operating system version.
In Linux, this can be achieved by reading the contents of /etc/os-release, which is a file that contains information about the Linux distribution and version.
Alternatively, cross-platform libraries such as Qt might provide a unified way to retrieve the operating system version information, without needing to write platform-specific code.