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To perform a page refresh in Android Kotlin after the API has been updated, you can use the following methods:

1. Using SwipeRefreshLayout:

a. Add SwipeRefreshLayout to your layout XML file enclosing your RecyclerView or ListView.

<androidx.swiperefreshlayout.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
    android:id="@+id/swipeRefreshLayout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</androidx.swiperefreshlayout.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout>

b. In your activity or fragment, initialize the SwipeRefreshLayout and add a listener to it.

val swipeRefreshLayout = findViewById<SwipeRefreshLayout>(R.id.swipeRefreshLayout)

swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener {
    // call your API or update your data here
    // after updating your data, call the adapter.notifyDataSetChanged() method

    swipeRefreshLayout.isRefreshing = false // stop the refresh animation
}

1. Using Handler:

a. In your activity or fragment, create a Handler object and override its handleMessage() method to handle the refresh action.

val handler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()) {
    // call your API or update your data here
    // after updating your data, call the adapter.notifyDataSetChanged() method

    true
}

b. When you want to trigger the refresh action, send a message to the Handler.

handler.sendEmptyMessage(0)

Note: In both cases, after updating your data, you need to call the adapter.notifyDataSetChanged() method to refresh your RecyclerView or ListView.