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Validate input: Always validate the input string before passing it to the base64_decode(...) function. Ensure that the input string is a valid base64 encoded string.

Use strict mode: Set the strict parameter to true while calling the function. This will ensure that the decoded output contains only valid characters.

Use htmlspecialchars() function: If the decoded output is expected to be displayed on a web page, use the htmlspecialchars() function to prevent any HTML or script injection.

Use a binary-safe function: Use a binary-safe function such as base64_decode() instead of other functions that might alter the input string.

Check for errors: Always check for errors after calling the function. If an error occurs, handle it appropriately.

Use encryption: If sensitive information is being transmitted, use encryption to ensure that the information is not intercepted and decoded by unauthorized individuals.

Use SSL/TLS protocol: Use SSL/TLS protocol to secure the communication between the client and server, especially over the internet.

Keep software updated: Regularly update your software and libraries to ensure that they are not vulnerable to known security flaws.