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A Column-Oriented database is a type of database management system in which data is stored in columns rather than rows. In a Column-Oriented database, each column contains data for a specific attribute, such as name or age. This type of database is designed to handle large amounts of data and is optimized for read-heavy workloads.

On the other hand, NoSQL databases are non-relational databases that do not use a fixed schema. NoSQL databases are designed to be highly scalable and can handle large and complex data sets. Unlike Column-Oriented databases, NoSQL databases can store data in various formats, including key-value pairs, documents, and graphs.

In summary, Column-Oriented databases focus mainly on storing data in columnar fashion for analytical purposes, while NoSQL databases aim to store and process a wide variety of data types in a distributed manner for any kind of applications.