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When using ES6 modules, you can use the import.meta.url property to get the file path of the currently executing module. This allows you to determine the location of the current module without using __dirname. Here's an example:

import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
import { dirname } from 'path';

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(__filename);

console.log(__dirname); // Prints the directory path of the current module

In this example, we're using the fileURLToPath and dirname functions from the url and path modules, respectively, to get the file path of the current module and its directory. We then assign these values to __filename and __dirname, respectively, just as we would when using CommonJS.