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Here are some steps to solve the issue of being unable to establish a connection with libpq on Mac M1:

1. Ensure that you have installed libpq on your Mac M1. You can use Homebrew to install it using the following command:

   brew install libpq
   

2. Check if the path to libpq is included in the library path. You can use the following command to check if it's included:

   echo $DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
   

   If it's not included, you can add it using the following command:

   export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
   

3. Check if the path to pg_config is included in the PATH variable. You can use the following command to check if it's included:

   echo $PATH
   

   If it's not included, you can add it using the following command:

   export PATH="/usr/local/opt/libpq/bin:$PATH"
   

4. Verify that the version of the libpq library matches the version of PostgreSQL that you are trying to connect to. You can use the following command to check the version of libpq:

   pg_config --version
   

   If it doesn't match, you can install the corresponding version of libpq using Homebrew.

5. If you're still unable to establish a connection with libpq, try reinstalling PostgreSQL using Homebrew.

   brew reinstall postgresql
   

   This will ensure that all dependencies, including libpq, are properly installed and configured.

Hope this helps!