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When encountering a SQL syntax error message that includes the phrase "near 'str.'" at line 1, you should look for the following in the MariaDB manual:

1. The syntax of the SQL statement you are trying to execute to identify any errors or typos.
2. The specific syntax of the "str" keyword or string literal that is causing the error.
3. The context in which the "str" keyword or string literal appears in the SQL statement, such as whether it is being used in a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.
4. The type of data being used with the "str" keyword or string literal, such as whether it is a character or text string, a numeric value, or a date or time value.
5. Any special characters or escape sequences that may be causing the error with the "str" keyword or string literal.
6. Any known issues or limitations with the MariaDB version you are using that may be related to the error message.

By reviewing these factors in the MariaDB manual, you can better understand the cause of the SQL syntax error and take appropriate actions to correct it.