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The lack of peer authentication can be resolved in Java by implementing SSL/TLS socket connections with mutual authentication between the client and server. This involves setting up a truststore and keystore on both the client and server sides, and configuring the SSLContext to use these during the SSL/TLS handshake process.

The truststore contains the public certificates of trusted entities (such as certificate authorities) that are used to validate the server's identity during the SSL/TLS handshake. The keystore contains the client and server's private keys and corresponding public certificates, which are used for authentication.

In addition to configuring the SSLContext, it is important to ensure that the connection is using the correct cipher suite and protocol version to mitigate any known vulnerabilities. It is also recommended to periodically update the truststore with new certificates and rotate the private keys in the keystore to maintain the security of the system.