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To parse or split a barcode using preg_match or split, you will need to identify the pattern or format of the barcode you are working with. Then, you can use regular expressions to match or split the string into its components.

For example, if you are working with an EAN-13 barcode, which has a format of 12 digits plus a check digit, you could use the following regular expression:

/^(\d{12})(\d{1})$/

This expression matches a string of 12 digits followed by 1 digit, and captures each group in a separate subpattern. You can then use preg_match to extract the individual components:

$barcode = "1234567890128";
if (preg_match('/^(\d{12})(\d{1})$/', $barcode, $matches)) {
  $digits = $matches[1]; // "123456789012"
  $check = $matches[2]; // "8"
}

Alternatively, you could use the split function (which is deprecated in newer versions of PHP) to split the string using a similar regular expression:

$barcode = "1234567890128";
$parts = split('/^(\d{12})(\d{1})$/', $barcode, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
$digits = $parts[1]; // "123456789012"
$check = $parts[2]; // "8"

Note that regular expressions and splitting functions may not always be the most efficient or reliable way to parse barcodes, and there may be library functions or APIs available to simplify the process. Be sure to consult the documentation for the barcode format you are working with, and consider using third-party libraries or tools if they are available.