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There could be several reasons for the Django SQL .raw filter not functioning effectively when applied to a string. Some possible reasons include:

1. Syntax errors: If the syntax of the SQL query string passed to the .raw filter is incorrect, the filter may not work effectively. This can happen if the query contains incorrect quoting, parentheses, or other syntax errors.

2. Incorrect data types: If the data types of the SQL query parameters passed to the .raw filter do not match the expected types, the filter may not work as expected. For example, if a string parameter is expected but an integer is passed, the filter may not work correctly.

3. SQL injection: If the SQL query string passed to the .raw filter is not properly sanitized, it could be vulnerable to SQL injection attacks. This could result in unexpected behavior or security issues.

To troubleshoot these issues, it may be helpful to review the SQL query string and parameters passed to the .raw filter, and ensure that they are correctly formatted and sanitized. It may also be helpful to consult the Django documentation or seek assistance from the Django community to further understand the issue.