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Key-based asynchronous locking refers to a type of locking mechanism where multiple threads or processes can access a shared resource, but only if they possess the correct key or token.

In this approach, each thread is assigned a unique key or token that they use to gain access to the shared resource. Once a thread has acquired the lock, it can perform operations on the shared resource while other threads are blocked from accessing it.

Asynchronous locking means that threads can acquire and release locks independently of one another, allowing for greater efficiency and scalability in multi-threaded or distributed systems. This approach is commonly used in database systems, file systems, and other applications where multiple threads need access to shared data.