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When using Node.JS Cluster with socket.IO, the process of assigning traffic to a particular worker involves the following steps:

1. A client connects to the socket.IO server.
2. The socket.IO server broadcasts the connection to all worker processes.
3. Each worker process receives the connection request.
4. One of the worker processes is selected to handle the connection request based on a load balancing algorithm.
5. The selected worker process creates a new socket connection to the client and assigns the connection ID to the client.
6. All subsequent messages from the client are sent to the same worker process based on the connection ID.
7. The selected worker process handles the messages and emits events to other worker processes if necessary.

This process ensures that each worker process handles only a portion of the overall traffic, thus improving the performance and scalability of the socket.IO server.