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The reason behind Apache IoTDB reporting a RuntimeException error when attempting to set a timestamp that is later than the previous recorded time is to maintain the consistency and integrity of the data. In a time-series database, the data is typically stored in chronological order, with each data point having a timestamp that is greater than the previous one. If a user attempts to set a timestamp that is earlier than or equal to the previous timestamp, it can create inconsistencies in the data and affect the accuracy of data analysis. To prevent such inconsistencies, Apache IoTDB throws a RuntimeException error when attempting to set an earlier or equal timestamp.