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In the C# .NET Framework, an application can communicate with a service in the following ways:

1. Using a WCF Service: Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is a framework for building connected and service-oriented applications. An application can communicate with a WCF service using various transport protocols such as HTTP, TCP, and MSMQ.

2. Using Web API Service: A Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be consumed by various platforms such as web browsers, mobile devices, and desktop applications. An application can communicate with a Web API service using HTTP request methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE.

3. Using Remoting: Remoting is a way to communicate between objects running in different application domains or processes. An application can communicate with a remoting service using .NET Remoting, which supports various communication protocols such as TCP, HTTP, and IPC.

4. Using Socket Programming: Socket programming is a low-level programming interface for network communication. An application can communicate with a service using socket programming by creating a socket and connecting to the service using the appropriate network protocol.

Overall, there are several ways an application can communicate with a service in the C# .NET Framework, and the choice depends on the specific requirements and constraints of the application.