Why does the "module not found" error occur even though the Python file is located in the same directory?

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The "module not found" error can occur even though the Python file is located in the same directory if the module that is being imported is not accessible in the Python path. The Python path is a list of directories where Python looks for modules, and it may not include the current directory. To resolve this error, you can either add the current directory to the Python path or move the modules you need to import to a directory that is already in the Python path.