What is the meaning of "Permission denied" error message which indicates that the caller is not authorized to perform the requested action?

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"Permission denied" is an error message that indicates that the user or program attempting to access or perform a certain operation or action does not have the necessary permissions or authorizations to do so. This could be due to a variety of reasons, such as the user not belonging to the appropriate user group, the user not having the required permissions set for the file or directory, or the user not having sufficient privileges to access the system resources. Essentially, it means that the action being requested is forbidden by the system or application, and the user needs to obtain the necessary permissions or authorizations before proceeding with the action.