How can I utilize a pdf file in Python by downloading it directly into memory?

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You can use the urllib library to download the PDF file and the io library to open it in memory. Here's an example code snippet:

import urllib.request
import io

# Download PDF file
url = 'http://example.com/example.pdf'
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
pdf_bytes = response.read()

# Open PDF file in memory
pdf_file = io.BytesIO(pdf_bytes)

# Read PDF file using PyPDF2 library
import PyPDF2
pdf_reader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(pdf_file)
num_pages = pdf_reader.getNumPages()
print(f"There are {num_pages} pages in the PDF file.")

In this example, we download a PDF file from http://example.com/example.pdf and read it into memory using io.BytesIO(). We then use the PyPDF2 library to read the number of pages in the PDF file. Note that you can replace PyPDF2 with any other PDF processing library of your choice.