How can I use MongoDB to search within a sub-document that is contained within another sub-document?

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You can use dot notation to search within a sub-document that is contained within another sub-document in MongoDB. For example, if you have a document with the following structure:

{
  "name": "John",
  "address": {
    "city": "New York",
    "zip": "10001",
    "phone": {
      "home": "123-456-7890",
      "mobile": "456-789-0123"
    }
  }
}

To search for all documents where the home phone number is "123-456-7890", you can use the following query:

db.collection.find({"address.phone.home": "123-456-7890"})

This would return all documents where the "home" phone number in the "phone" sub-document within the "address" sub-document is "123-456-7890".