After updating from targetSdkVersion 30 to 33, why does the Action Bar title and menu disappear when replacing a fragment?

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The behavior of the Action Bar (also known as the Toolbar) has changed in more recent versions of Android. In earlier versions, the Action Bar was part of the Activity layout, and replacing a fragment did not affect the Action Bar. However, in more recent versions, the Action Bar is tied to the current Fragment, and changing fragments can result in the Action Bar being replaced as well.

To fix this issue, you need to make sure that each Fragment has its own Action Bar or Toolbar. Use setHasOptionsMenu(true) in each Fragment to specify that it should have its own menu. Also, make sure that you are inflating the correct menu in each Fragment's onCreateOptionsMenu() method. Finally, if you are using Navigation Components, consider using the Toolbar provided by the Navigation Component to ensure consistent behavior across fragments.