What is the reason behind the non-zero integral becoming 0 while using SageMath?

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There could be several reasons why a non-zero integral is becoming 0 while using SageMath. Some possible reasons are:

1. Incorrect syntax: If there is a syntax error in the code used for solving the integral, it may result in the wrong output. Double-checking the syntax and making corrections can solve this issue.

2. Integration limits: The integration limits specified in the code may be incorrect. This can lead to the integral being evaluated over a zero range, resulting in 0 output. Correcting the integration limits may solve this issue.

3. Numerical precision: The integral may be evaluated with low numerical precision, resulting in the output being rounded off to 0. Increasing the numerical precision can help solve this issue.

4. Indefinite integral: If the integral being solved is an indefinite integral, the output may be a constant of integration. If the constant is 0, then the output will be 0.

5. Simplification: Sometimes, the integral output may be simplified to 0 due to certain assumptions made during the simplification process. In such cases, turning off the simplification option may help retain the original integral.