How can I make sure that the last empty element in R's strsplit function remains an empty string?

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You can apply the strsplit() function with the keep.tail = TRUE argument to keep the last empty string. Here's an example:

string <- "one|two|three|"
result <- strsplit(string, split = "\\|", fixed = TRUE, keep.tail = TRUE)

In this case, result will be a list with one element, which is a character vector with four elements: "one", "two", "three", and an empty string.