How can I modify the color and width of the borders of the vertices in an R graph plot?

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You can modify the color and width of the borders of the vertices using the vertex.border and vertex.border.width arguments in the plot() or igraph.plot() function.

Here's an example code to modify the color and width of the vertex borders in an R graph plot:

library(igraph)

# create a sample graph with 5 vertices
g <- make_empty_graph(5) + 
  add_edges(c(1,2, 2,3, 3,4, 4,5, 5,1))

# plot the graph and modify vertex border color and width
plot(g, vertex.border = "blue", vertex.border.width = 2)

In this code, the vertex.border argument sets the color of the vertex borders to blue, and the vertex.border.width argument sets the width of the borders to 2. You can modify these values to set the desired color and width.