How can I assign a role when an emoji is reacted to in discord.py?

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You can assign a role when an emoji is reacted to by using the on_raw_reaction_add event. Here's an example code:

@client.event
async def on_raw_reaction_add(payload):
    if payload.message_id == MESSAGE_ID:  # Replace MESSAGE_ID with the ID of the message you want to monitor
        if str(payload.emoji) == '👍':  # Replace 👍 with the emoji you want to monitor
            guild = client.get_guild(payload.guild_id)
            member = guild.get_member(payload.user_id)
            role = guild.get_role(ROLE_ID)  # Replace ROLE_ID with the ID of the role you want to assign
            await member.add_roles(role)

This code listens for the on_raw_reaction_add event and checks if the message ID and the emoji match the ones you are monitoring. If they do, it gets the guild, member, and role objects and assigns the role to the member.

Note: You'll need to enable gateway intents and have the members intent enabled to get the guild.get_member method to work.