How can data be stored in a Java application at a basic level?

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Data can be stored in a Java application at a basic level through variables and data structures such as arrays, lists, and maps. Variables can store simple types such as integers, strings, and boolean values, while arrays can store collections of values of the same type. Lists and maps are more complex data structures that can store collections of values of different types and are often used for storing data in a more organized manner. Java also provides the option of file input/output, which allows data to be saved and retrieved from files. Databases can also be used to store data for more complex applications.