What is the process of establishing connectivity between crates using dynamic linking?

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The process for establishing connectivity between crates using dynamic linking involves the following steps:

1. Compile the crates: Each crate must be compiled separately using the rustc compiler. When compiling, the crate must be compiled into a dynamic library, which will contain symbols that can be linked dynamically at runtime.

2. Link the library: Once the libraries have been compiled, they must be linked together using the linker. The linker will resolve dependencies between the libraries and create a single executable file that can be run.

3. Load the libraries at runtime: When the executable is run, it will load the required libraries into memory at runtime. This is done using a dynamic loader, which will locate the libraries by searching a set of directories specified in the environment variables.

4. Resolve symbols at runtime: Once the libraries have been loaded, the executable must resolve symbols that are used by the code in the libraries. Dynamic linking allows symbols to be resolved at runtime, rather than at compile time, which means that the libraries can be updated without needing to recompile the entire executable.

5. Communicate between crates: Once symbols have been resolved, the code in the crates can communicate with each other using the function calls and other constructs defined in the linked libraries.