What is the reason that CSS or JS are not being cached while working on Laravel locally?

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There could be several reasons why CSS or JS files are not being cached while working on Laravel locally:

1. Browser cache settings: The browser may be configured to not cache files while in development mode. The cache can be cleared by refreshing the page with a hard reload (Ctrl+Shift+R).

2. Laravel configuration: Laravel may have caching disabled for development environments. In the config/cache.php file, check that the default cache driver is set to file or array.

3. Middleware or routing: Middleware or routing may be preventing the caching of files. Check that there are no middleware or routes that are modifying cache headers or responses.

4. File permissions: The cache directory or files may not have the correct permissions, preventing the web server from writing or reading them.

5. Development tools: Development tools may be configured to always load the most current version of files. Check if there are any development tools, such as BrowserSync or LiveReload, that are reloading files on change.