How can I extract the directory name from a given path in bash?

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You can use the dirname command in bash to extract the directory name from a given path.

Syntax:

$ dirname /path/to/file

Example:

$ dirname /home/user/Documents/example.txt
/home/user/Documents

This command will return the directory name from the given path "/home/user/Documents/example.txt". In this case, the output will be "/home/user/Documents".