How to receive a callback when the selection in a Tkinter Listbox is modified?

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You can bind a callback function to the "<<listboxselect>>" event, which fires whenever the selection in the Listbox is modified.

Here's an example:

import tkinter as tk

def on_select(event):
    # get the selected item in the listbox
    selected_item = event.widget.get(event.widget.curselection())
    print(selected_item)

root = tk.Tk()

# create a listbox and populate it with sample items
listbox = tk.Listbox(root)
listbox.pack()
for item in ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]:
    listbox.insert(tk.END, item)

# bind the on_select function to the ListboxSelect event
listbox.bind("<<ListboxSelect>>", on_select)

root.mainloop()

In this example, the on_select function is called whenever the ListboxSelect event occurs, and it retrieves the currently selected item in the Listbox by calling the get and curselection methods on the Listbox widget. You can replace the print statement with any other code you want to run whenever the selection is modified.