How can HTML form values be obtained?

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HTML form values can be obtained through different methods depending on the application's programming language or framework. Here are some of the most common ways:

1. JavaScript - using the document.getElementById() or document.getElementsByName() method to access the form elements and their values.

2. PHP - using the $POST, $GET, or $_REQUEST superglobal variables to retrieve the form data.

3. Python - using the request.GET or request.POST methods depending on the HTTP request method.

4. Ruby on Rails - using the params hash to retrieve the form data.

5. Node.js - using the req.body object or the querystring module for parsing the form data.

Overall, the method of obtaining HTML form values varies on the programming language and framework being used. However, all of these methods involve retrieving the form data from the HTTP request that is sent by the client to the server.