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compileSdkVersion and targetSdkVersion are two important values in an Android project's build.gradle file. They are used to define the version of the Android SDK that the project is using.
CompileSdkVersion is the version of the SDK that is used to compile the project. This means that the Android SDK tools will use this version of the SDK to build the APK file for the app. It is recommended to always use the latest available version of the SDK for this value.
TargetSdkVersion, on the other hand, is the version of the SDK that the app targets. This means that the app is written to be compatible with this version of the SDK, and this is the version that Google Play will check for compatibility when the app is submitted. It is recommended to always set this value to the latest available version of the SDK that the app has been tested with.
In summary, compileSdkVersion is used to build the app, while targetSdkVersion identifies the maximum version of the Android platform on which an application is designed to run.